Caryl coleman



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CARYL COLEMAN, OF NE\V YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE AMERICAN ENDOLITHIGCOMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

PROCESS OF PRODUCING DESIGNS, 81.0., UPON SURFACES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 349,340, datedSeptember 21, 1886.

Application filed January 11, 1886. Serial No. 188,272. (No specimens.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CARYL COLEMAN, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Process ofProducing Designs, 850., in Color Upon Surfaces; and I do hereby declarethe following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in theproduction of shades, tints, characters, designs, &c., of a permanentcharacter, in color, upon surfaces for the purpose of decorating thelatter for ornamental uses. It is analogous in general character to thevarious processes for obtaining similar results described in the patentsto George Hand Smith, but is distinguished therefrom by a differentsuccession of steps and by greater convenience in practice and certaintyin the effects produced, as will hereinafter more fully appear. a

In the treatment of marble surfaces (to which my invention is especiallyapplicable) I proceed as follows: Having prepared the tracing pigments,which in color are preferably from dark brown to black, I apply them ina cold condition upon the marble surface. The mode of applying thesetracing-colors is immaterial, and may be effected by stenciling,handpainting, or the like. The cold marble, bearing the outline thustraced upon it, is thereupon subjected to the action of heat until itstemperature is raised to a degree ranging between 150 and 300Fahrenheit. The tracecolors thereupon sink into the body of the marblegradually, penetrating to a depth dependent upon the quantity of colorused. In heating the marble care must be taken to avoid excessivetemperatures, experience teaching that the limit of 300 Fahrenheitshould rarely, if ever, be passed, as beyond it the marble tends todisintegrate. Below such point the temperature should be chosen inaccordance with the character of the work to be performed and thecomposition of the colors afterward to be applied in filling in thedesign.

The operator need not wait until the tracehot and in a liquid state) bythe aid of a brush. While I have ascertained by experiment that ingeneral the best results are attained by the employment of heatedcolors, I nevertheless contemplate in some instances applying the colorscold, as in the latter case also excellent results can be obtained,though at asomewhat greater expense of time.

In all cases the marble itself is kept heated during the application ofthe design-colors. This may be readily effected by means of wellknownexpedients for that purposesuch as the water-bath, bain-maric, heatedsoapstone slab, and the like. v e

If the design or character to be painted is a small one or requires acomparatively brief period of time for completion, it will sometimessuffice to heat the marble slab in a separate oven and then return it atonce to the operators bench, where it will maintain substantially itsinitial temperature for a considerable interval. In such case, to insurethe best results, the colors requiring the highest temperature may beapplied first and the others afterward in succession. As the hot or coldliquid colors are applied by the brush to the heated marble they sinkrapidly below the surface in a vertical direction, forming uniform viensextending from the surface to the required depth of penetration, whichmay in some cases be several inches. During their penetration into thebody of the marble the color-veins preserve very closely theconfiguration of the surface design, and do not spread perceptibly tothe right or left. Consequently, subsequent polishing or even exten sivesurface-wear of the marble will not destroy the integrity of the design.having been applied, the slab is allowed to cool, and is then polished.Either before or after the polishing operation it may be again heatedand then retouched. This is often ad- The colors 4 vantageous,especially in fine work and where Y light and shade are required afterthe rougher .or characteristic parts of the design have been broughtout.

My invention presents several notable advantages over what is disclosedin the prior state of the art. Thus it is difficult to make the colorsadhere to a cold surface. Theheated marble surface, however, takes thecolors read ily and quickly from the brush, thereby effecting not only aconsiderable economy in time, but also enabling the operator to pro ducefiner work than heretofore. The marble being constantly before him, theoperator can observe exactly the time when the desired surface effect ordepth of penetration is secured, and need apply no more of the colorthan is sufficient for his purpose. The fact that the slab is constantlybefore the operator and that he can continually watch the development ofthe shades and fignres of the design renders the retouching operation ofespecial efficiency and value.

It is evident that the trace-colors, whose application has beendescribed as preliminary to the main treatment, may be dispensed with inalmost all cases, if desired, without serionsl y effecting the operationof bringing out the design. It is, however, desirable in general to usethem as a guide to the operator, and also because they preventabsolutely the spreading of the colors beyond them.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, 1s-

1. The process of producing shades, tints, characters, designs, &c., incolor upon surfaces, which consists in heating the substance to betreated, and then, while it remains in the heated condition, applyingcolors to the surface until the desired degree of penetration isattained, substantially as described.

2. The process of producing shades, tints, characters, designs, &c., incolor upon surfaces, which consists in heating the substance to betreated, and then, while it remains in the heated condition, applyinghot colors to the surface until the desired degree of penetration isattained, substantially as described.

3. The process of producing characters, dcsigns, &c., in color uponsurfaces, which consists in first tracing the outline of the representation upon the surface of the substance treated, then subjectingsaid substance to the action of heat, and then, while it remains in theheated condition, applying the filling-in colors to the surface untilthe desired degree of penetration is attained, substantially asdescribed.

4. The process of finishing or retouching shades, tints, characters,designs, &e., in color upon surfaces, either-before or after polishing,which consists in reheating the substance treated and applying thefinishing colors to the original representation until the desiredalteration is effected, substantially as de scribed.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GARYL COLEMAN.

Vi tnesses:

HERBERT H. D. Pamela, H. H. \VILLLSMSON.

